Tes Mengenali Kesalahan

TES MENGIDENTIFIKASI KESALAHAN
Dilengkapi dengan Jawaban dan Penjelasan Jawaban

1. Cotton used to rank first between Alabama's crops, but it represents only a fraction of the agricultural
    A                     B            C                                              D
production now.

Jawaban (C). Masalah: kata depan. Kata "between" diperlukan untuk membandingkan hanya dua benda. Pada kalimat ini bentuk jamak dari "crops" menyiratkan bahwa ada lebih dari dua "crops" yang dibandingkan. Kata yang benar adalah "among."

2. Salmon lay their eggs and die in fresh water, although they live in salt water when most of their adult lives.
                A                                                    B                                            C                          D

Jawaban (C). Masalah: kata depan. Kata yang benar adalah "during" yang menunjukkan periode waktu salmon hidup.

3. To building their nests, tailorbirds use their bills as needles.
         A                 B                             C            D

Jawaban (A). Masalah: infinitive/gerund. Kata yang benar adalah "build." Ini bisa menunjuk tindakan yang akan datang: "in order to build their nests ..."

4. Fountain pens first became commercial available about a hundred years ago.
                          A                 B                             C                                D

Jawaban (B). Masalah: bentuk kata. Kata yang benar adalah "commercially," yang menerangkan kata "available." Ingat! Salah satu fungsi kata keterangan (commercially) adalah menerangkan kata sifat (available). Kata sifat (available) tidak bisa diterangkan oleh kata sifat (commercial).

5. With its strong claws and its many protruding tooth a gopher is an excellent digger.
    A          B                                    C                                     D

Jawaban (C). Masalah: kata benda tunggal/jamak. Kata tersebut seharusnya menjadi "teeth," bentuk jamak dari "tooth," karena "a gopher has more than one tooth."

6. Drug addiction has resulted of many destroyed careers, and expulsions from school or college.
                           A                B           C                                D
Jawaban (B). Masalah: kata depan.Setelah kata kerja "result" seharusnya kata depannya adalah "in." Kata depan "of" dapat mengikuti kata benda "result," tetapi tidak kata kerja "result." Jadi yang perlu diingat bahwa "result" dapat berfungsi sebagai kata kerja juga sebagai kata benda.

7. Because of the Lewis and Clark Expedition, the United States begin to realize the true value of the
    A                                                                                           B                     C                                     
Louisiana territory.
               D

Jawaban (B). Masalah: kata kerja. Kata yang benar adalah "began," bentuk lampau dari kata kerja "begin." Kata kerja "begin" salah karena ia harus mengikuti kata benda jamak. "The United States" dipertimbangkan tunggal karena ia adalah nama dari satu negara. Adalah akan juga benar secara gramatika untuk menulis "has begun," "begins," atau "will begin" dalam macam kalimat ini.

8. Americans annually import more than $3 billion worthy of Italian clothing, jewelry, and shoes.
    A                                      B                            C                       D

Jawaban (C). Masalah: bentuk kata. Kata yang benar adalah "worth" yang bersinonim dengan kata "value." Kita berkata "$2dollars' worth of goods," yang berarti Anda sedang membeli sesuatu yang berharga setara dengan $2.00. Kata "worthy" adalah kata sifat yang berarti "having value or worth," or "deserving."

9. Akuce Ganuktibm, she spent her life working with the health and welfare of the families of workers.
                                 A             B                                                   C             D

Jawaban (A). Masalah: kata yang tak perlu. Kata "she" tidak diperlukan dalam kalimat ini. Ini membuat subyeknya jadi ganda. Akuce Ganuktibm dan she keduanya adalah subyek dari kalimat tersebut.

10. There are many different ways of comparing the economy of one nation with those of another.
      A                                            B                                                                  C           D

Jawaban (C). Masalah: kata ganti. Kata yang benar adalah "that" karena ia menunjuk ke "economy," kata benda tunggal.

11. Male guppies, like many other male fish, are more color than females.
     A                    B                                     C            D

Jawaban (D). Masalah: bentuk kata. Kata yang benar adalah kata sifat "colorful," tidak kata benda "color," karena ini adalah keterangan dari kata benda "fish."

12. When rhinos take mud baths, the mud create a barrier to bitting insects.
      A                                          B           C                         D

Jawaban (C). Masalah: kata kerja. Kata yang benar adalah "creates," bentuk kata kerja present tense yang bersesuaian dengan kata benda tunggal "mud."

13. Benjamin Franklin, as an inventor, he had broad interests, mechanical skills, persistence, and a practical
                                   A                    B                                                            C  
view of life.
        D

Jawaban (B). Masalah: kata yang tak perlu. Kata "he" adalah salah karena ia menyebabkan subyek ganda, Benjamin Franklin dan he.

14. In the stock market, the fluctuations in Standard and Poor's 500 Index does not always conform to
      A                                                                                                       B            C                   D
Dow Jones Averages.

Jawaban (B). Masalah: kata kerja. Bentuk kata kerja yang benar adalah "do" bersesuaian dengan kata benda jamak, "fluctuations." Untuk menjawab pertanyaan ini Anda tidak harus memahami frasa "Standard and Poor's 500 Index."

15. A jellyfish, which isn't really a fish, it has no brain, no bones and no face.
                                A             B       C                          D

Jawaban (C). Masalah: kata yang tak perlu. Kata "it" menyebabkan subyek ganda dan karenanya tidak benar, A jellyfish dan it.

16. International trade, going traveling, and television have lain the groundwork for modern global life styles.
                                   A                                          B                                   C                               D

Jawaban (A). Masalah: bangunan yang setara (parallel construction). Kata yang benar adalah "traveling," kata benda yang paralel dengan "trade" dan "television."

17. The most visible remind of the close relationship between the United States and France is the famous
                              A                                             B                                                        C
 Statue of Liberty which stands in New York harbor.
                         D

Jawaban (A). Masalah: bentuk kata. Kata yang benar adalah "reminder," kata benda dan merupakan subyek dari kalimat ini. Kata "remind" adalah kata kerja.

18. Until diamonds are cut and polished, they just like look small blue-gray stones.
     A                          B                                     C                                   D

Jawaban (C). Masalah: susunannya terbalik. Kata-kata yang benar adalah "they just look like small blue-grey stones. "like look" menjadi "look like."

19. Jackie Robinson whose joined the Brooklyn Dodgers in 1947, was the first black American to play
                              A                                                                  B                                         C
 baseball in the major leagues.
               D

Jawaban (A). Masalah: kata ganti, 'relative pronoun.' Kata yang benar adalah "who," yang menerangkan Jackie Robinson. Kata ganti "whose" sebagai "possessive pronoun" diasosiasikan dengan sesuatu milik seseorang.

20. Laser technology is the heart of a new generation of high-speed copiers and printer.
                               A                   B       C                                                     D

Jawaban (D). Jawaban: kata benda tunggal/jamak. Kata yang benar adalah "printers," bentuk jamak yang paralel dengan "copiers."

21. Fertilize farmland is one of the biggest natural resources in the Central States.
     A                           B             C                                   D

Jawaban (A). Masalah: bentuk kata. Kata yang benar adalah "fertilized," kata sifat yang menerangkan kata benda "farmland."

22. The symptoms of diabetes in the early stages are too slight that people don't notice them.
            A                                  B                           C                                               D

Jawaban (C). Masalah: kata keterangan. Kata yang benar adalah "so." Petunjuk bagus dalam kalimat ini adalah kata "that," yang sering mengikuti "so." "So" means "in the way indicated," "in order," "in that degree." "Too" means "more than enough" or "also."

23. Gone with the Wind written after Margaret Mitchell quit her job as a reporter because of an ankle
                                     A                                             B                C                              D
 injury.

Jawaban (A). Masalah: kata kerja. Kata kerja yang benar adalah "was written," bentuk pasif dari kata kerja tersebut. Lengkapnya "Gone with the Wind was written..."

24. With a policy of eminent domain, the state has control ultimate of all real property.
                A                                    B                 C                             D

Jawaban (C). Masalah: susunan kata yang terbalik. Susunan kata yang benar adalah "ultimate control." Kata "ultimate" adalah kata sifat yang menerangkan kata benda "control."

25. Hay fever symptoms, range from mild to severe, differ in degree according to the individual.
                                      A                     B             C                     D

Jawaban (A). Masalah: bentuk kata. Kata yang benar adalah "ranging," yang mengawali frasa kata sifat yang menerangkan kata benda "symptoms."

Gerund Phrase

Nominal Functions of Gerund Phrases

Gerund phrases may perform all the functions that nouns are capable of fulfilling.

SUBJECT OF VERB                     Her cleaning her house every day is not necessary.
OBJECT OF VERB                       Her husband appreciates her cleaning the house every day.
OBJECT OF PREPOSITION
      In prepositional object              Her husband insists on her cleaning the house every day.
      In adverbial object                    By cleaning the house every day she is pleasing her husband.
SUBJECTIVE COMPLEMENT     What her husband insists on is her cleaning the house every day.
(predicate noun)
APPOSITIVE                                Her husband insists on one thing -- her cleaning the house every day.

The "-ing" form is neutral with respect to time; the time that is intended often depends on the tense or the meaning of the main verb.

PRESENT TIME         By repairing the tv set himself, he is saving a lot of meney.
PAST TIME                By repairing the tv set himself, he saved a lot of money.
FUTURE TIME           By repairing the tv set himself, he will save a lot of money.

If the main verb is present or future, the perfect form corresponds to the present perfect tense.

His having worked in a factory is no disgrace. (=That he has worked in a factory is no disgrace.)
He will never admit having done it. (=He will never admit that he has done it.)

If the main verb is past, the perfect gerund corresponds to the past perfect tense.

He denied having taken any money from the cash register. (=He denied that he had taken any money from the cash register.)
The refugee grieved at having left his wife and children behind. (=The refugee grieved that he had left his wife and children behind.)

The "-ing" general form is often used loosely instead of the perfect form for gerund object of verb:

He denied taking any money from the cash register.

In formal usage, possessive form of nouns and pronouns are required:

The idea of Harold's getting a job as a traveling salesman doesn't appeal to his wife.
The girl resents her sister's getting more attention than she does.

Gerund phrase after a main verb: especially such verbs as (dis) like, not mind, remember, understand, imagine.

• We can't understand them doing a thing like that.
• I remember my father being very strict with us.
• Can you imagine him being elected president?

Other prepositions introducing gerund phrases after adjective are:

ABOUT      He's very careless about keeping appointments.
FOR          Their funds are adequate for meeting their moderate needs.
OF             He's afraid of displeasing his parents.
                  I don't approve of a woman walking by herself late at night.
                  She was proud of her son winning first prize.
WITH         They must be content with seeing each other at infrequent intervals. (happy)
BY             I was annoyed by the dog's barking all night.
WITHOUT  She went there without him knowing about it.  

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